Photo used for representational purposes. Members of civil society take part in a peace rally in Lahore on May 6, 2025. Photo by Arif ALI / AFP.
Muzaffarabad, Pakistan: India and Pakistan exchanged heavy artillery fire along their contested frontier on Wednesday after New Delhi launched deadly missile strikes on its arch-rival, in the worst violence between the nuclear-armed neighbours in two decades.
At least 34 deaths were reported, with Islamabad saying 26 civilians were killed by the Indian strikes and firing along the border, and New Delhi adding at least eight dead from Pakistani shelling.
Smoke billows after an artillery shell landed in the main town of Poonch district in India's Jammu region on May 7, 2025. Photo by Punit PARANJPE / AFP.
The attack came days after New Delhi blamed Islamabad for backing a deadly attack on the Indian-run side of disputed Kashmir.
The South Asian neighbours have fought multiple wars since they were carved out of the sub-continent at the end of British rule in 1947.
Indian security personnel stand guard in Wuyan near Srinagar on May 7, 2025, following border tensions. Photo by Tauseef MUSTAFA / AFP.
The latest violence exceeds India's strikes in 2019, when New Delhi said it had hit "several militants" after a suicide bomber attacked an Indian security force convoy, killing 40.
The Indian army said "justice is served", reporting nine "terrorist camps" had been destroyed, with New Delhi adding that its actions "have been focused, measured and non-escalatory in nature".
Paramilitary soldiers inspect a collapsed building of the Government Health and Educational complex after Indian strikes in Muridke, about 30 kilometres from Lahore, on May 7, 2025. Photo by Murtaz Ali / AFP.
Pakistan Defence Minister Khawaja Muhammad Asif accused Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi of launching the strikes to "shore up" his domestic popularity, but said Islamabad had struck back.
"The retaliation has already started", Asif told AFP. "We won't take long to settle the score."
Military spokesman Ahmed Sharif Chaudhry said five Indian jets had been downed across the border.
An Indian senior security source, who asked not to be named, said three Indian fighter jets had crashed on home territory.
The wreckage of one was seen by an AFP photographer at Wuyan, on the Indian controlled side of Kashmir.
People stand near a part of an aircraft in Wuyan near Indian-administered Kashmir's main city of Srinagar on May 7, 2025. Photo by TAUSEEF MUSTAFA / AFP.
'Shelling raining down'
In Muzaffarabad, the main city of Pakistan-administered Kashmir, troops cordoned off streets around a mosque Islamabad said was hit, with blast marks visible on the walls of several homes.
Paramilitary soldiers stand guard outside the Government Health and Educational complex after Indian strikes in Muridke, about 30 kilometres from Lahore, on May 7, 2025. Photo by Arif ALI / AFP.
Pakistan said 21 civilians were killed in the strikes -- including four children -- while five were killed by gunfire at the border.
India's army accused Pakistan of "indiscriminate" firing across the Line of Control (LoC), the de facto border in Kashmir.
"We woke up as we heard the sound of firing", Farooq, a man in the Indian town of Poonch, told the Press Trust of India news agency from his hospital bed, his head wrapped in a bandage.
"I saw shelling raining down."
AFP reporters in the town saw bursts of flame as shells landed.
A flare goes up in air over the hill near main town of Poonch district, on May 7, 2025. Photo by Punit PARANJPE / AFP.
At least eight Indians were killed and 29 others wounded in Poonch, local revenue officer Azhar Majid told AFP from the town's hospital.
India had been widely expected to respond militarily to the April 22 attack on tourists in Indian-administered Kashmir by gunmen it said were from Pakistan-based group Lashkar-e-Taiba, a UN-designated terrorist organisation.
The assault in the tourist hotspot of Pahalgam killed 26 people, mainly Hindu men.
An Indian paramilitary serviceman keeps watch in Pahalgam, south of Srinagar on April 23, 2025, following an attack. Photo by Tauseef Mustafa / AFP.
New Delhi has blamed Islamabad for backing the attack, sparking a series of heated threats and diplomatic tit-for-tat measures.
Pakistan rejects the accusations and called for an independent probe.
Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif -- who called India's strikes a "heinous act of aggression" that would "not go unpunished" -- started an emergency meeting of the National Security Committee in the capital Islamabad on Wednesday.
The two sides have exchanged nightly gunfire since April 24 along the LoC, according to the Indian army.
Pakistan also said it has held two missile tests.
'Maximum restraint'
"Escalation between India and Pakistan has already reached a larger scale than during the last major crisis in 2019, with potentially dire consequences", International Crisis Group analyst Praveen Donthi said.
Diplomats have piled pressure on leaders to step back.
"The world cannot afford a military confrontation between India and Pakistan," the spokesman for UN chief Antonio Guterres, Stephane Dujarric, said in a statement.
UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres looks on during a UN Security Council meeting at the UN headquarters in New York City on April 29, 2025. Photo by CHARLY TRIBALLEAU / AFP.
US President Donald Trump told reporters in Washington he hoped that the fighting "ends very quickly".
US President Donald Trump in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, DC, on May 6, 2025. Photo by Jim WATSON / AFP.
US Secretary of State Marco Rubio spoke to top security officials in both New Delhi and Islamabad since the strikes and said he was monitoring the situation "closely".
Concern poured in, including from China -- a mutual neighbour of both nations -- as well as from Britain, France and Russia, while airlines have cancelled, diverted or rerouted flights.
Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi is expected in New Delhi on Wednesday, two days after a visit to Islamabad, as Tehran seeks to mediate.
